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CVE-2026-4878— Libcap: libcap: privilege escalation via toctou race condition in cap_set_file()

Quick assessment

Affected
Red Hat Red Hat Enterprise Linux 10
Exploitation
No confirmed in-the-wild exploitation; assess based on exposure
Recommended action
Check the vendor advisory and references for a fixed version. If immediate upgrade is impossible, restrict exposure and increase monitoring.

libcap是Michael Kerrisk个人开发者的一个网络数据包捕获函数包。 libcap存在安全漏洞，该漏洞源于cap_set_file函数存在竞争条件，可能导致权限提升。

CVSS 6.7 · Medium EPSS 0.14% · P3

Affected Version Matrix 53

VendorProduct Version RangeStatus
Red Hat Cert Manager support for Red Hat OpenShift release 1.20 1790598593< * unaffected
Red Hat Cost Management 4 1780946239< * unaffected
1783539156< * unaffected
Red Hat Red Hat AI Inference Server 3.2 1780681984< * unaffected
Red Hat Red Hat AI Inference Server 3.3 1782352950< * unaffected
1782352919< * unaffected
1782353093< * unaffected
1782352847< * unaffected
Red Hat Red Hat Discovery 2 1778101579< * unaffected
1778156756< * unaffected
1782159791< * unaffected
1782166952< * unaffected
Red Hat Red Hat Enterprise Linux 10 0:2.69-7.el10_1.1< * unaffected
0:2.69-7.el10_2.1< * unaffected
Red Hat Red Hat Enterprise Linux 10.0 Extended Update Support 0:2.69-7.el10_0.1< * unaffected
Red Hat Red Hat Enterprise Linux 6 any unknown
any unknown
Red Hat Red Hat Enterprise Linux 7 any unknown
any unknown
Red Hat Red Hat Enterprise Linux 8 0:2.48-6.el8_10.1< * unaffected
Red Hat Red Hat Enterprise Linux 8.6 Advanced Mission Critical Update Support 0:2.48-4.el8_6.1< * unaffected
Red Hat Red Hat Enterprise Linux 8.6 Extended Update Support Long-Life Add-On 0:2.48-4.el8_6.1< * unaffected
Red Hat Red Hat Enterprise Linux 8.8 Telecommunications Update Service 0:2.48-5.el8_8.1< * unaffected
Red Hat Red Hat Enterprise Linux 8.8 Update Services for SAP Solutions 0:2.48-5.el8_8.1< * unaffected
Red Hat Red Hat Enterprise Linux 9 0:2.48-10.el9_7.1< * unaffected
0:2.48-10.el9_8.1< * unaffected
0:2.48-10.el9_7.1< * unaffected
0:2.48-10.el9_8.1< * unaffected
Red Hat Red Hat Enterprise Linux 9.2 Update Services for SAP Solutions 0:2.48-9.el9_2.1< * unaffected
Red Hat Red Hat Enterprise Linux 9.4 Extended Update Support 0:2.48-9.el9_4.1< * unaffected
Red Hat Red Hat Enterprise Linux 9.6 Extended Update Support 0:2.48-9.el9_6.1< * unaffected
Red Hat Red Hat Hardened Images 2.78-1.1.hum1< * unaffected
Red Hat Red Hat Insights proxy 1.5 1780420428< * unaffected
Red Hat Red Hat OpenShift Container Platform 4 any unknown
any affected
Red Hat Red Hat OpenShift Container Platform 4.12 412.86.202608241157-0< * unaffected
Red Hat Red Hat OpenShift Container Platform 4.13 413.92.202606160406-0< * unaffected
Red Hat Red Hat OpenShift Container Platform 4.14 414.92.202606231112-0< * unaffected
Red Hat Red Hat OpenShift Container Platform 4.15 415.92.202606030318-0< * unaffected
Red Hat Red Hat OpenShift Container Platform 4.16 416.94.202606051757-0< * unaffected
Red Hat Red Hat OpenShift Container Platform 4.17 417.94.202606250942-0< * unaffected
Red Hat Red Hat OpenShift Container Platform 4.18 418.94.202606051320-0< * unaffected
Red Hat Red Hat OpenShift Container Platform 4.19 4.19.9.6.202606031700-0< * unaffected
Red Hat Red Hat OpenShift distributed tracing 3.9.3 1778056267< * unaffected
1778056233< * unaffected
1778056245< * unaffected
Red Hat Red Hat Update Infrastructure 5 1779798159< * unaffected
1779798164< * unaffected
1779798165< * unaffected
1779798222< * unaffected
1787241211< * unaffected
1787135742< * unaffected
1787241260< * unaffected
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I. Basic Information for CVE-2026-4878

Vulnerability Information
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Vulnerability Title
Libcap: libcap: privilege escalation via toctou race condition in cap_set_file()
Source: CVE Program / CVE List V5
Vulnerability Description
A flaw was found in libcap. A local unprivileged user can exploit a Time-of-check-to-time-of-use (TOCTOU) race condition in the `cap_set_file()` function. This allows an attacker with write access to a parent directory to redirect file capability updates to an attacker-controlled file. By doing so, capabilities can be injected into or stripped from unintended executables, leading to privilege escalation.
Source: CVE Program / CVE List V5
CVSS Information
CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:H/PR:L/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H
Source: CVE Program / CVE List V5
Vulnerability Type
检查时间与使用时间(TOCTOU)的竞争条件
Source: CVE Program / CVE List V5
Vulnerability Title
libcap 安全漏洞
Source: CNNVD (China National Vulnerability Database)
Vulnerability Description
libcap是Michael Kerrisk个人开发者的一个网络数据包捕获函数包。 libcap存在安全漏洞，该漏洞源于cap_set_file函数存在竞争条件，可能导致权限提升。
Source: CNNVD (China National Vulnerability Database)
CVSS Information
N/A
Source: CNNVD (China National Vulnerability Database)
Vulnerability Type
N/A
Source: CNNVD (China National Vulnerability Database)

Affected Products

Vendor Product Affected Versions CPE Subscribe
Red Hat Red Hat Enterprise Linux 10 0:2.69-7.el10_1.1 ~ * cpe:/o:redhat:enterprise_linux:10.1
Red Hat Red Hat Enterprise Linux 10 0:2.69-7.el10_2.1 ~ * cpe:/o:redhat:enterprise_linux:10.2
Red Hat Red Hat Enterprise Linux 10.0 Extended Update Support 0:2.69-7.el10_0.1 ~ * cpe:/o:redhat:enterprise_linux_eus:10.0
Red Hat Red Hat Enterprise Linux 8 0:2.48-6.el8_10.1 ~ * cpe:/o:redhat:enterprise_linux:8::baseos
Red Hat Red Hat Enterprise Linux 8.6 Advanced Mission Critical Update Support 0:2.48-4.el8_6.1 ~ * cpe:/o:redhat:rhel_aus:8.6::baseos
Red Hat Red Hat Enterprise Linux 8.6 Extended Update Support Long-Life Add-On 0:2.48-4.el8_6.1 ~ * cpe:/o:redhat:rhel_aus:8.6::baseos
Red Hat Red Hat Enterprise Linux 8.8 Telecommunications Update Service 0:2.48-5.el8_8.1 ~ * cpe:/o:redhat:rhel_e4s:8.8::baseos
Red Hat Red Hat Enterprise Linux 8.8 Update Services for SAP Solutions 0:2.48-5.el8_8.1 ~ * cpe:/o:redhat:rhel_e4s:8.8::baseos
Red Hat Red Hat Enterprise Linux 9 0:2.48-10.el9_7.1 ~ * cpe:/a:redhat:enterprise_linux:9::appstream
Red Hat Red Hat Enterprise Linux 9 0:2.48-10.el9_8.1 ~ * cpe:/a:redhat:enterprise_linux:9::appstream
Red Hat Red Hat Enterprise Linux 9 0:2.48-10.el9_7.1 ~ * cpe:/a:redhat:enterprise_linux:9::appstream
Red Hat Red Hat Enterprise Linux 9 0:2.48-10.el9_8.1 ~ * cpe:/a:redhat:enterprise_linux:9::appstream
Red Hat Red Hat Enterprise Linux 9.2 Update Services for SAP Solutions 0:2.48-9.el9_2.1 ~ * cpe:/a:redhat:rhel_e4s:9.2::appstream
Red Hat Red Hat Enterprise Linux 9.4 Extended Update Support 0:2.48-9.el9_4.1 ~ * cpe:/a:redhat:rhel_eus:9.4::appstream
Red Hat Red Hat Enterprise Linux 9.6 Extended Update Support 0:2.48-9.el9_6.1 ~ * cpe:/a:redhat:rhel_eus:9.6::appstream
Red Hat Red Hat OpenShift Container Platform 4.12 412.86.202608241157-0 ~ * cpe:/a:redhat:openshift:4.12::el8
Red Hat Red Hat OpenShift Container Platform 4.13 413.92.202606160406-0 ~ * cpe:/a:redhat:openshift:4.13::el9
Red Hat Red Hat OpenShift Container Platform 4.14 414.92.202606231112-0 ~ * cpe:/a:redhat:openshift:4.14::el9
Red Hat Red Hat OpenShift Container Platform 4.15 415.92.202606030318-0 ~ * cpe:/a:redhat:openshift:4.15::el9
Red Hat Red Hat OpenShift Container Platform 4.16 416.94.202606051757-0 ~ * cpe:/a:redhat:openshift:4.16::el9
Red Hat Red Hat OpenShift Container Platform 4.17 417.94.202606250942-0 ~ * cpe:/a:redhat:openshift:4.17::el9
Red Hat Red Hat OpenShift Container Platform 4.18 418.94.202606051320-0 ~ * cpe:/a:redhat:openshift:4.18::el9
Red Hat Red Hat OpenShift Container Platform 4.19 4.19.9.6.202606031700-0 ~ * cpe:/a:redhat:openshift:4.19::el9
Red Hat Cert Manager support for Red Hat OpenShift release 1.20 1790598593 ~ * cpe:/a:redhat:cert_manager:1.20::el9
Red Hat Cost Management 4 1780946239 ~ * cpe:/a:redhat:cost_management:4::el9
Red Hat Cost Management 4 1783539156 ~ * cpe:/a:redhat:cost_management:4::el9
Red Hat Red Hat AI Inference Server 3.2 1780681984 ~ * cpe:/a:redhat:ai_inference_server:3.2::el9
Red Hat Red Hat AI Inference Server 3.3 1782352950 ~ * cpe:/a:redhat:ai_inference_server:3.3::el9
Red Hat Red Hat AI Inference Server 3.3 1782352919 ~ * cpe:/a:redhat:ai_inference_server:3.3::el9
Red Hat Red Hat AI Inference Server 3.3 1782353093 ~ * cpe:/a:redhat:ai_inference_server:3.3::el9

II. Public POCs for CVE-2026-4878

# POC Description Source Link Shenlong Link
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III. Intelligence Information for CVE-2026-4878

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Vendor Advisories for CVE-2026-4878 (26)

Other References for CVE-2026-4878 (7)

IV. Related Vulnerabilities

Same product: Red Hat Enterprise Linux 10
Same vendor: Red Hat
Same weakness: CWE-367

V. Comments for CVE-2026-4878

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