CVE-2026-49495— Ghidra 10.2 < 12.1 - Denial of Service via Circular Reference in Mach-O Export Trie Parser
Quick assessment
Affected
nationalsecurityagency ghidra
Exploitation
No confirmed in-the-wild exploitation; assess based on exposure
Recommended action
Check the vendor advisory and references for a fixed version. If immediate upgrade is impossible, restrict exposure and increase monitoring.
NSA Ghidra是美国国家安全局（National Security Agency）的一款开源逆向工程工具。 NSA Ghidra 12.1之前版本存在安全漏洞，该漏洞源于ExportTrie.parseTrie()在处理Mach-O二进制导出尝试时缺乏循环检测，导致无界队列增长和指数级字符串拼接，触发OutOfMemoryError导致JVM崩溃并丢失所有未保存工作。
Affected Version Matrix 2
| Vendor | Product | Version Range | Status |
|---|---|---|---|
| nationalsecurityagency | ghidra | 10.2< 12.1 |
affected |
12.1 |
unaffected |
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I. Basic Information for CVE-2026-49495
Vulnerability Information
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Vulnerability Title
Ghidra 10.2 < 12.1 - Denial of Service via Circular Reference in Mach-O Export Trie Parser
Source: CVE Program / CVE List V5
Vulnerability Description
Ghidra 10.2 before 12.1 contains an uncontrolled resource consumption vulnerability in ExportTrie.parseTrie() that lacks cycle detection when traversing Mach-O binary export tries. A crafted Mach-O binary with circular references in the export trie causes unbounded queue growth and exponential string concatenation, triggering OutOfMemoryError that crashes the entire JVM and loses all unsaved work.
Source: CVE Program / CVE List V5
CVSS Information
CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H
Source: CVE Program / CVE List V5
Vulnerability Type
不可达退出条件的循环(无限循环)
Source: CVE Program / CVE List V5
Vulnerability Title
NSA Ghidra 安全漏洞
Source: CNNVD (China National Vulnerability Database)
Vulnerability Description
NSA Ghidra是美国国家安全局（National Security Agency）的一款开源逆向工程工具。 NSA Ghidra 12.1之前版本存在安全漏洞，该漏洞源于ExportTrie.parseTrie()在处理Mach-O二进制导出尝试时缺乏循环检测，导致无界队列增长和指数级字符串拼接，触发OutOfMemoryError导致JVM崩溃并丢失所有未保存工作。
Source: CNNVD (China National Vulnerability Database)
CVSS Information
N/A
Source: CNNVD (China National Vulnerability Database)
Vulnerability Type
N/A
Source: CNNVD (China National Vulnerability Database)
Affected Products
| Vendor | Product | Affected Versions | CPE | Subscribe |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| nationalsecurityagency | ghidra | 10.2 ~ 12.1 | - |
|
II. Public POCs for CVE-2026-49495
| # | POC Description | Source Link | Shenlong Link |
|---|
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Vendor Advisories for CVE-2026-49495 (2)
Same Patch Batch · nationalsecurityagency · 2026-06-10 · 14 CVEs total
| CVE-2026-52751 | 8.8 HIGH | Ghidra < 12.1 - Remote Code Execution via Unfiltered RMI Deserialization in Shared Project |
| CVE-2026-52758 | 8.8 HIGH | Ghidra < 12.1 - SQL Injection via Unescaped Filter Values in BSim Search |
| CVE-2026-52754 | 8.8 HIGH | Ghidra < 12.1 - Authentication Bypass via Null Signature in PKIAuthenticationModule |
| CVE-2026-49498 | 8.8 HIGH | Ghidra 11.0 < 12.1 - SQL Injection in PostgreSQL Password Change via Unescaped Username |
| CVE-2026-52755 | 7.8 HIGH | Ghidra < 12.0.4 - Path Traversal via Zip Slip in Theme Import |
| CVE-2026-52750 | 7.8 HIGH | Ghidra < 12.1- Command Injection via URL Annotation Click |
| CVE-2026-52752 | 7.8 HIGH | Ghidra < 12.0.2 - Path Traversal in Extension Installer via ZIP Entry Names |
| CVE-2026-49496 | 6.1 MEDIUM | Ghidra < 12.1 - Heap-Use-After-Free in SleighBuilder::generatePointerAdd via Vector Reallo |
| CVE-2026-52753 | 5.5 MEDIUM | Ghidra < 12.0.3 - Out-of-Memory in Rust Symbol Demangler via Malformed Symbol |
| CVE-2026-52756 | 4.8 MEDIUM | Ghidra < 12.2 - Unauthenticated Path Traversal in Debugger ISF Server |
| CVE-2026-52757 | 4.4 MEDIUM | Ghidra < 12.1 - Heap-use-after-free in HighVariable::merge() during decompilation |
| CVE-2026-49497 | 3.3 LOW | Ghidra < 12.1 - Path Traversal via .gnu_debuglink in DWARF External Debug File Resolution |
| CVE-2024-58350 | 2.9 LOW | Ghidra < 11.2 - Use After Free in Sleigh Backend via Static Initialization Order |
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V. Comments for CVE-2026-49495
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