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CWE-20 (输入验证不恰当) — Vulnerability Class 4415

4415 vulnerabilities classified as CWE-20 (输入验证不恰当). AI Chinese analysis included.

CWE-20 represents a critical software weakness where applications fail to properly verify the integrity, format, or type of incoming data before processing it. This oversight allows attackers to inject malicious payloads, such as SQL injection strings or cross-site scripting code, which can bypass security controls and compromise system integrity. Exploitation typically occurs when untrusted data from external sources, like user forms or network packets, is treated as executable code or trusted input. To mitigate this risk, developers must implement rigorous input validation strategies, including strict type checking, length constraints, and allow-listing acceptable characters. Additionally, employing parameterized queries and output encoding ensures that even if validation fails, the injected data remains inert, thereby preserving application security and preventing unauthorized execution or data exposure.

MITRE CWE Description
The product receives input or data, but it does not validate or incorrectly validates that the input has the properties that are required to process the data safely and correctly. Input validation is a frequently-used technique for checking potentially dangerous inputs in order to ensure that the inputs are safe for processing within the code, or when communicating with other components. Input can consist of: raw data - strings, numbers, parameters, file contents, etc. metadata - information about the raw data, such as headers or size Data can be simple or structured. Structured data can be composed of many nested layers, composed of combinations of metadata and raw data, with other simple or structured data. Many properties of raw data or metadata may need to be validated upon entry into the code, such as: specified quantities such as size, length, frequency, price, rate, number of operations, time, etc. implied or derived quantities, such as the actual size of a file instead of a specified size indexes, offsets, or positions into more complex data structures symbolic keys or other elements into hash tables, associative arrays, etc. well-formedness, i.e. syntactic correctness - compliance with expected syntax lexical token correctness - compliance with rules for what is treated as a token specified or derived type - the actual type of the input (or what the input appears to be) consistency - between individual data el…
Common Consequences (3)
Availability DoS: Crash, Exit, or Restart, DoS: Resource Consumption (CPU), DoS: Resource Consumption (Memory)
An attacker could provide unexpected values and cause a program crash or arbitrary control of resource allocation, leading to excessive consumption of resources such as memory and CPU.
Confidentiality Read Memory, Read Files or Directories
An attacker could read confidential data if they are able to control resource references.
Integrity, Confidentiality, Availability Modify Memory, Execute Unauthorized Code or Commands
An attacker could use malicious input to modify data or possibly alter control flow in unexpected ways, including arbitrary command execution.
Mitigations (5)
Architecture and Design Consider using language-theoretic security (LangSec) techniques that characterize inputs using a formal language and build "recognizers" for that language. This effectively requires parsing to be a distinct layer that effectively enforces a boundary between raw input and internal data representations, instead of allowing parser code to be scattered throughout the program, where it could be subjec…
Architecture and Design Use an input validation framework such as Struts or the OWASP ESAPI Validation API. Note that using a framework does not automatically address all input validation problems; be mindful of weaknesses that could arise from misusing the framework itself (CWE-1173).
Architecture and Design, Implementation Understand all the potential areas where untrusted inputs can enter the product, including but not limited to: parameters or arguments, cookies, anything read from the network, environment variables, reverse DNS lookups, query results, request headers, URL components, e-mail, files, filenames, databases, and any external systems that provide data to the application. Remember that such inputs may b…
Implementation Assume all input is malicious. Use an "accept known good" input validation strategy, i.e., use a list of acceptable inputs that strictly conform to specifications. Reject any input that does not strictly conform to specifications, or transform it into something that does. When performing input validation, consider all potentially relevant properties, including length, type of input, the full range…
Effectiveness: High
Architecture and Design For any security checks that are performed on the client side, ensure that these checks are duplicated on the server side, in order to avoid CWE-602. Attackers can bypass the client-side checks by modifying values after the checks have been performed, or by changing the client to remove the client-side checks entirely. Then, these modified values would be submitted to the server. Even though clien…
Examples (2)
This example demonstrates a shopping interaction in which the user is free to specify the quantity of items to be purchased and a total is calculated.
... public static final double price = 20.00; int quantity = currentUser.getAttribute("quantity"); double total = price * quantity; chargeUser(total); ...
Bad · Java
This example asks the user for a height and width of an m X n game board with a maximum dimension of 100 squares.
... #define MAX_DIM 100 ... /* board dimensions */ int m,n, error; board_square_t *board; printf("Please specify the board height: \n"); error = scanf("%d", &m); if ( EOF == error ){ die("No integer passed: Die evil hacker!\n"); } printf("Please specify the board width: \n"); error = scanf("%d", &n); if ( EOF == error ){ die("No integer passed: Die evil hacker!\n"); } if ( m > MAX_DIM || n > MAX_DIM ) { die("Value too large: Die evil hacker!\n"); } board = (board_square_t*) malloc( m * n * sizeof(board_square_t)); ...
Bad · C
CVE ID Title CVSS Severity Published
CVE-2026-92581 AVideo through 29.0 Like Counter Desynchronization via Array Parameter — AVideo 4.3 Medium 2026-09-16
CVE-2026-20237 Cisco Identity Services Engine Hardening Release - Input Validation Vulnerabilities — Cisco Identity Services Engine Software 9.1 Critical 2026-09-16
CVE-2026-81876 HAPI FHIR: SHCParser DEFLATE infinite loop causes denial of service — org.hl7.fhir.core 7.5 High 2026-09-16
CVE-2026-81875 HAPI FHIR: SHCParser unbounded DEFLATE decompression causes denial of service — org.hl7.fhir.core 7.5 High 2026-09-16
CVE-2026-88064 Backstage: Improper input validation in TechDocs MkDocs configuration — backstage 8.8 High 2026-09-16
CVE-2026-77190 Security Advisory 0177 — EOS 6.5 Medium 2026-09-16
CVE-2026-73445 Security Advisory 0167 — EOS 4.9 Medium 2026-09-16
CVE-2026-19655 On affected platforms running Arista EOS with Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol (DHCP) relay/snooping configured with the information option (Option 82), or with the DHCP server configured with match criteria based on the information option, an unauthent — EOS 6.5 Medium 2026-09-15
CVE-2026-91738 Google Chrome 输入验证错误漏洞 — Chrome - - 2026-09-15
CVE-2026-56831 Shopper: Negative discount values accepted and propagated through order calculation pipeline — shopper 6.5 Medium 2026-09-15
CVE-2026-44300 OpenCost ServiceKey Endpoint Unauthorized Credential Overwrite/Injection — opencost 8.8 High 2026-09-15
CVE-2026-44778 Inspektor Gadget: Unprivileged container can crash USDT note parser via crafted ELF — inspektor-gadget 2.9 Low 2026-09-15
CVE-2026-91932 Flowise before 3.1.4 Remote Code Execution via cwd Parameter — Flowise 8.5 High 2026-09-15
CVE-2026-47780 free5GC: UDR Improper ueId validation in free5GC EE subscription handlers allows arbitrary identifier persistence — free5gc 6.9 Medium 2026-09-15
CVE-2026-54254 Cyberdrop-DL: Pixeldrain API key shared with unverified thirdparty sites — cyberdrop-dl 5.9 Medium 2026-09-15
CVE-2026-88261 bizwell xClick 输入验证错误漏洞 — xClick 5.1 Medium 2026-09-15
CVE-2026-53713 Envoy Gateway: Authentication Bypass via Improper Input Validation in EnvoyExtensionPolicy Lua Allows Secret Disclosure — gateway 9.1 Critical 2026-09-14
CVE-2026-54632 SIPSorcery: Malformed UDP packet on the RTP/ICE socket can remotely terminate a media session (DoS) — sipsorcery 7.5 High 2026-09-14
CVE-2026-19543 Multiple vulnerabilities affect IBM License Key Server Administration and Reporting Tool and IBM LKS Administration Agent — Common Licensing 6.2 Medium 2026-09-14
CVE-2026-54182 backpack/crud: OS command injection in Stats::makeCurlRequest via attacker-controlled Host header (pre-auth) — CRUD 8.1 High 2026-09-14
CVE-2026-55072 Pimcore: ClassDefinition UID regex missing end anchor allows SQL injection via Block.php unquoted table name — pimcore 8.5 High 2026-09-14
CVE-2026-54529 SQLAdmin: Unvalidated sortBy parameter in `ModelView` bypasses `column_sortable_list` — sqladmin 5.3 Medium 2026-09-14
CVE-2026-59570 Android ZCC denial of service — Client Connector 7.5 High 2026-09-14
CVE-2026-59569 Android ZCC VPN API method privilege escalation — Client Connector 8.1 High 2026-09-14
CVE-2026-57130 PraisonAI: IMAP Command Injection via Unsanitized Email Search Parameters — praisonaiagents 8.1 High 2026-09-14
CVE-2026-82441 Apache Storm Nimbus: Cross-Tenant Blob Deletion and Cluster Denial of Service via Unvalidated Topology Dependency Keys — Apache Storm Nimbus - - 2026-09-14
CVE-2026-3096 Reverse Tabnabbing via New Tab Navigation in Multiple WSO2 Products Allows Phishing and Credential Theft — WSO2 API Control Plane 4.7 Medium 2026-09-10
CVE-2026-54694 NationalSecurityAgency/skills-service has Stored XSS via User Registration Enabling Admin Account Takeover — skills-service 9.6 Critical 2026-09-09
CVE-2026-86768 Snipe-IT before 8.7.0 Improper Input Validation via API Checkout — snipe-it 5.4 Medium 2026-09-09
CVE-2025-71417 PocketMine-MP before 5.32.1 Denial of Service via ResourcePackClientResponsePacket — PocketMine-MP 6.5 Medium 2026-09-09

Vulnerabilities classified as CWE-20 (输入验证不恰当) represent 4415 CVEs. The CWE taxonomy describes the weakness; review individual CVEs for product-specific impact.