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CWE-94 (对生成代码的控制不恰当(代码注入)) — Vulnerability Class 1751

1751 vulnerabilities classified as CWE-94 (对生成代码的控制不恰当(代码注入)). AI Chinese analysis included.

CWE-94 represents a critical code injection weakness where software constructs executable code using untrusted input without proper sanitization. Attackers typically exploit this vulnerability by injecting malicious scripts or commands into user-supplied fields, such as web forms or API parameters, which the application then executes directly. This allows adversaries to bypass security controls, steal sensitive data, or gain unauthorized administrative access to the underlying system. To prevent such exploits, developers must rigorously validate and sanitize all external inputs, ensuring that only expected characters are processed. Implementing strict allow-listing strategies, utilizing parameterized queries for database interactions, and avoiding dynamic code execution functions like eval() are essential defensive measures. By treating all user input as potentially hostile and applying robust encoding techniques, organizations can effectively neutralize injection vectors and maintain application integrity.

MITRE CWE Description
The product constructs all or part of a code segment using externally-influenced input from an upstream component, but it does not neutralize or incorrectly neutralizes special elements that could modify the syntax or behavior of the intended code segment.
Common Consequences (4)
Access Control Bypass Protection Mechanism
In some cases, injectable code controls authentication; this may lead to a remote vulnerability.
Access Control Gain Privileges or Assume Identity
Injected code can access resources that the attacker is directly prevented from accessing.
Integrity, Confidentiality, Availability Execute Unauthorized Code or Commands
When a product allows a user's input to contain code syntax, it might be possible for an attacker to craft the code in such a way that it will alter the intended control flow of the product. As a result, code injection can often result in the execution of arbitrary code. Code injection attacks can…
Non-Repudiation Hide Activities
Often the actions performed by injected control code are unlogged.
Mitigations (5)
Architecture and Design Refactor your program so that you do not have to dynamically generate code.
Architecture and Design Run your code in a "jail" or similar sandbox environment that enforces strict boundaries between the process and the operating system. This may effectively restrict which code can be executed by your product. Examples include the Unix chroot jail and AppArmor. In general, managed code may provide some protection. This may not be a feasible solution, and it only limits the impact to the operating s…
Implementation Assume all input is malicious. Use an "accept known good" input validation strategy, i.e., use a list of acceptable inputs that strictly conform to specifications. Reject any input that does not strictly conform to specifications, or transform it into something that does. When performing input validation, consider all potentially relevant properties, including length, type of input, the full range…
Testing Use dynamic tools and techniques that interact with the product using large test suites with many diverse inputs, such as fuzz testing (fuzzing), robustness testing, and fault injection. The product's operation may slow down, but it should not become unstable, crash, or generate incorrect results.
Operation Run the code in an environment that performs automatic taint propagation and prevents any command execution that uses tainted variables, such as Perl's "-T" switch. This will force the program to perform validation steps that remove the taint, although you must be careful to correctly validate your inputs so that you do not accidentally mark dangerous inputs as untainted (see CWE-183 and CWE-184).
Examples (2)
This example attempts to write user messages to a message file and allow users to view them.
$MessageFile = "messages.out"; if ($_GET["action"] == "NewMessage") { $name = $_GET["name"]; $message = $_GET["message"]; $handle = fopen($MessageFile, "a+"); fwrite($handle, "<b>$name</b> says '$message'<hr>\n"); fclose($handle); echo "Message Saved!<p>\n"; } else if ($_GET["action"] == "ViewMessages") { include($MessageFile); }
Bad · PHP
name=h4x0r message=%3C?php%20system(%22/bin/ls%20-l%22);?%3E
Attack
edit-config.pl: This CGI script is used to modify settings in a configuration file.
use CGI qw(:standard); sub config_file_add_key { my ($fname, $key, $arg) = @_; # code to add a field/key to a file goes here } sub config_file_set_key { my ($fname, $key, $arg) = @_; # code to set key to a particular file goes here } sub config_file_delete_key { my ($fname, $key, $arg) = @_; # code to delete key from a particular file goes here } sub handleConfigAction { my ($fname, $action) = @_; my $key = param('key'); my $val = param('val'); # this is super-efficient code, especially if you have to invoke # any one of dozens of different functions! my $code = "config_file_$action_key(\$fnam
Bad · Perl
add_key(",","); system("/bin/ls");
Attack
CVE ID Title CVSS Severity Published
CVE-2025-47481 WordPress GS Testimonial Slider plugin <= 3.2.9 - Content Injection vulnerability — GS Testimonial Slider 5.3 Medium 2025-05-07
CVE-2025-2802 LayoutBoxx <= 0.3.1 - Unauthenticated Arbitrary Shortcode Execution — LayoutBoxx 7.3 High 2025-05-06
CVE-2025-43845 GHSL-2025-015_Retrieval-based-Voice-Conversion-WebUI — Retrieval-based-Voice-Conversion-WebUI 9.8AI Critical AI 2025-05-05
CVE-2025-24977 OpenCTI has remote code execution and sensitive secrets exposed through web hook — opencti 9.1 Critical 2025-05-05
CVE-2025-4261 GAIR-NLP factool tool.py run_single code injection — factool 5.3 Medium 2025-05-05
CVE-2024-13738 Motors - Car Dealer, Rental & Listing WordPress theme <= 5.6.65 - Unauthenticated Arbitrary Shortcode Execution — Motors - Car Dealer, Rental & Listing WordPress theme 7.3 High 2025-05-03
CVE-2025-4218 handrew browserpilot gpt_selenium_agent.py GPTSeleniumAgent code injection — browserpilot 5.3 Medium 2025-05-02
CVE-2025-2421 Remote Code Execution in Profelis Informatics' SambaBox — SambaBox 9.8 Critical 2025-05-02
CVE-2024-13420 Smart Framework <= Multiple Plugins - Missing Authorization to Authenticated (Subscriber+) Settings Updates — Benaa Framework 4.3 Medium 2025-05-02
CVE-2025-4022 web-arena-x webarena evaluators.py HTMLContentEvaluator code injection — webarena 6.3 Medium 2025-04-28
CVE-2023-42404 OneVision Workspace 安全漏洞 — Workspace 4.9 Medium 2025-04-28
CVE-2024-32499 Newforma Project Center Server 安全漏洞 — Project Center Server 4.9 Medium 2025-04-28
CVE-2025-3984 Apereo CAS Groovy Code RegisteredServiceSimpleFormController.java saveService code injection — CAS 5.0 Medium 2025-04-27
CVE-2025-46579 ZTE GoldenDB Database product has a DDE injection vulnerability — GoldenDB 8.4 High 2025-04-27
CVE-2024-13812 Anps Theme plugin <= 1.1.1 - Unauthenticated Arbitrary Shortcode Execution — Anps Theme plugin 6.5 Medium 2025-04-26
CVE-2025-3491 Add custom page template <= 2.0.1 - Authenticated (Administrator+) PHP Code Injection to Remote Code Execution — Add custom page template 7.2 High 2025-04-26
CVE-2024-13808 Xpro Elementor Addons - Pro <= 1.4.9 - Authenticated (Contributor+) Remote Code Execution — Xpro Elementor Addons - Pro 8.8 High 2025-04-26
CVE-2025-2801 Create custom forms for WordPress with a smart form plugin for smart businesses <= 1.2.4 - Unauthenticated Arbitrary Shortcode Execution — Create custom forms for WordPress with a smart form plugin for smart businesses – Form builder for WordPress 7.3 High 2025-04-26
CVE-2025-32432 Craft CMS Allows Remote Code Execution — cms 10.0 Critical 2025-04-25
CVE-2025-3642 Moodle: authenticated remote code execution risk in the moodle lms equella repository 8.8 High 2025-04-25
CVE-2025-3641 Moodle: authenticated remote code execution risk in the moodle lms dropbox repository 8.8 High 2025-04-25
CVE-2025-3776 Verification SMS with TargetSMS <= 1.5 - Unauthenticated Limited Remote Code Execution — Verification SMS with TargetSMS 8.3 High 2025-04-24
CVE-2025-1976 Code injection exposure in Fabric OS 9.1.0 through 9.1.1d6 — Fabric OS 6.7 - 2025-04-24
CVE-2025-0618 FireEye EDR 代码注入漏洞 — FireEye EDR HX 6.5 Medium 2025-04-23
CVE-2025-23251 NVIDIA Nemo Framework 代码注入漏洞 — NeMo Framework 7.6 High 2025-04-22
CVE-2025-3472 Ocean Extra <= 2.4.6 - Unauthenticated Arbitrary Shortcode Execution — Ocean Extra 6.5 Medium 2025-04-22
CVE-2025-3842 panhainan DS-Java FileUpload.java uploadUserPic.action code injection — DS-Java 6.3 Medium 2025-04-21
CVE-2025-3509 Pre-Receive Hook Remote Code Execution vulnerability was identified in GitHub Enterprise Server that allowing Privilege Escalation — Enterprise Server 6.6AI Medium AI 2025-04-17
CVE-2025-32583 WordPress PDF 2 Post Plugin <= 2.4.0 - Remote Code Execution (RCE) vulnerability — PDF 2 Post 9.9 Critical 2025-04-17
CVE-2025-32596 WordPress Real Estate Manager plugin <= 7.3 - Arbitrary Code Execution vulnerability — Real Estate Manager 7.3 High 2025-04-17

Vulnerabilities classified as CWE-94 (对生成代码的控制不恰当(代码注入)) represent 1751 CVEs. The CWE taxonomy describes the weakness; review individual CVEs for product-specific impact.